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*waluz
noun · masculine · u-stem · /ˈwɑ.luz/
staff, stick
“……lH-u-s (‘stick, stake’), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (‘to turn, wind, roll’). Cognate with Lithuanian apvalùs (‘round’), Latin vallus (‘stake, pale’).…”
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*weraz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈwe.rɑz/
man
“…From Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (‘man, hero’), with pretonic shortening before a resonant. Compare Latin vir, Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Irish fear, Welsh gŵr and Lithuanian vyras.…”
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*þan
adverb · /ˈθɑn/
then, at that time
“……*sa + an unclear suffix, possibly an earlier *-no or *-ne. But it could also continue Proto-Indo-European *tóm, whence also Latin tum.…”
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*līną
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈliː.nɑ̃/
flax
“…Likely from Proto-Indo-European *līno-. Cognates include Latin līnum and all its derivatives. Although Greek λίνον (línon), Latin linas, Russian лён (ljon) are sometimes listed as co……”
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*blējaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈblɛː.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to bleat
“…From Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₁-ye/o-, from root *bʰleh₁- (‘to bleat’). Cognate with Latin fleō (‘to cry, weep’), Slovene blẹ́jati (‘to bleat’), Russian бле́ять (bléjatʹ, ‘to bleat’).…”
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*hwalbą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈxʷɑl.βɑ̃/
vault, arch
“……re-Germanic *kʷólpo-, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷelp- (‘to curve’). Related to Ancient Greek κόλπος (kólpos, ‘bosom, lap’), Latin culpa (‘mistake, fault’), and Persian کلبه (kolbe, ‘cottage’).…”
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*irzijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈir.zi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to delude, mislead
“…From *irzijaz (‘bewildered; erring’) + *-janą (‘factitive suffix’). Cognate with Latin errō (‘to wander, roam, stray, lose one's way’) and Lithuanian įširsti (‘to become angry, fly into passion’).…”
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*sehs
numeral · /ˈsexs/
six
“…From earlier *swehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs (‘six’) with a loss of *w (as also seen in Latin sex and Sanskrit षष् (ṣáṣ) (< Proto-Indo-Iranian *šwáćš)).…”
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*swīną
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈswiː.nɑ̃/
pig
“…From an adjectival neuter form *swiHnom of Proto-Indo-European *suH- (‘pig’) (compare Latin suīnus, Proto-Slavic *svinьja, Latvian sivēns). Synchronically analyzable as a derivative of *sūz (‘sow’).…”
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*winiz
noun · masculine · i-stem · /ˈwi.niz/
loved one, friend
“……Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁-i-s, an i-stem nominal formation from *wenh₁- (‘to wish, seek, desire, love, win’). Cognate with Latin Venus (‘love, beauty, grace, charm’).…”
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*þwerhaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈθwer.xɑz/
cross, adverse
“…Presumably from Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (‘to turn’); compare Sanskrit तर्कु (tarku, ‘spindle’) and Latin torqueō (‘to twist’). Kroonen assumes metathesis of Pre-Germanic *térkʷos to *twérkos.…”
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*-dūþiz
suffix · forms nouns · feminine · i-stem · /duː.θiz/
forms abstract nouns from verbs, adjectives, and other nouns
“……o-Indo-European *-túHts, reformulated as a feminine i-stem. The PIE term is related to PIE *-teh₂ts Ringe 2017. Cognates are Latin -tūs and Proto-Celtic *-tūss.…”
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*barjaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈbɑr.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to beat, strike
“…From Proto-Indo-European o-grade ye-present *bʰorH-ye/o-, from root *bʰerH- (‘to pierce, strike’). Cognate with Latin ferīre (‘to beat, strike’), Proto-Slavic *borniti (‘to defend’).…”
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*bebruz
noun · masculine · u-stem · /ˈbe.βruz/
beaver
“……ʰr-u-s ~ *bʰebʰréws (‘beaver’). Cognates include Lithuanian bẽbras, Proto-Celtic *bebrus, Younger Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (baβra), and Latin fiber, all with a sense of ‘beaver’.…”
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*bīdaną
verb · Strong class 1 · /ˈbiː.ðɑ.nɑ̃/
to wait
“……e/o-, from root *bʰeydʰ- (‘to trust’). Cognate with Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō, ‘to convince, persuade; succeed, mislead’), Latin fīdō (‘to trust, rely upon’).…”
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*garnō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɣɑr.nɔː/
intestines, gut
“…From pre-Germanic *ǵʰorneh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerH- (‘intestines’) or *ǵʰern-. Probably cognate with Latin hernia, Lithuanian žarna and Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, ‘guts, string made of gut’).…”
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*hawāną
verb · Weak class 3 · /ˈxɑ.wɑː.nɑ̃/
to observe
“……d also be reconstructed as *hēwijaną, but in view of Latvian kavêt (‘to prevent’), *hawāną is more likely. Also cognate with Latin caveo (‘to take care, beware’).…”
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*hrīdrǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈxriːð.rɔ̃ː/
sieve
“…From Proto-Indo-European *kréydʰrom, from the root *krey- (‘to divide; part; separate; sift’). Cognate with Latin crībrum (‘sieve, riddle’), Old Irish criathar (‘sieve’), Old Welsh cruitr (‘winnowing-shovel’).…”
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*launą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈlɑu̯.nɑ̃/
reward, credit, booty
“……nic *lh₂ewnom or *lowh₂nom (with laryngeal metathesis), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (‘to capture, enjoy’). Cognate with Latin lucrum (‘profit, foredeal’), Ancient Greek λεία (leía, ‘booty, spoils’).…”
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*mairiją
noun · neuter · ja-stem · /ˈmɑi̯.ri.jɑ̃/
mooring post, post, boundary
“…From pre-Germanic *moyryom, from Proto-Indo-European *moyro-, from *mey- (‘to build’). Cognate with Latin mūrus (‘wall’), pōmērium (‘bounds, limits’), Sanskrit मिनोति (minóti, ‘to fix, build’).…”
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*melwą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈmel.wɑ̃/
ground corn, meal, flour
“……elh₂- (‘to beat; crush; grind’); by synchronic analysis, a wa-stem nominal formation from *malaną (‘to grind’). Cognate with Latin molō.…”
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*mimzą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈmim.zɑ̃/
flesh
“…Thematicized variant of Proto-Indo-European *mḗms (‘meat, flesh’). Cognate with Latin membrum (‘member, limb’), Sanskrit मांस (māṃsa, ‘meat, flesh’), Old Armenian միս (mis, ‘meat’). More at member.…”
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*plukkōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈpluk.kɔː.nɑ̃/
to pluck, pull out or off
“……ssibly represents a Pre-Germanic *blu(gʰ/ǵʰ)néh₂-, with Kroonen leaving the origin open. Alternatively, borrowed from Vulgar Latin *pilūc (i)cāre, but the historical evidence is shaky.…”
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*þurpą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈθur.pɑ̃/
village, rural settlement
“…From Proto-Indo-European *trab-, *treb- (‘room, dwelling, settlement’). Cognate with Latin trabs (‘beam, rafter, roof, vessel’), Lithuanian trobà (‘farmhouse’), Welsh tref (‘town, home’), Albanian trevë (‘count……”
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*blukką
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈbluk.kɑ̃/
block, log
“……athesized from *bulkną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰl̥ǵʰ-n-ó-m, from root *bʰelǵʰ- (‘to balk, beam; to swell’). Cognate with Latin fulcrum (‘bedpost, couch foot’).…”