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*after
adverb · /ˈɑɸ.ter/
after, behind
“……, from Proto-Indo-European *apó + the contrastive/local suffix *-tero-. The inherited PIE base is seen in Ancient Greek ἀπό, Sanskrit अप, Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬀, Latin ab, and Hittite 𒀀𒀊𒉺, while the *-tero- derivative is paralleled by Sanskrit अपतरम् and Ancien……”
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*frawaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɸrɑ.wɑz/
happy
“…From Pre-Germanic *prow-os, likely from Proto-Indo-European *prew- (‘to jump, hop’). Cognate with Sanskrit प्रवते (právate, ‘to jump, leap’).…”
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*gaistaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɣɑi̯s.tɑz/
terror, fear
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéysd-os, from *ǵʰeys- (‘to be angry, agitated’). Cognate with Sanskrit हेड (héḍa, ‘anger’), Lithuanian žei̇̃sti (‘to wound’).…”
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*hamalaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈxɑ.mɑ.lɑz/
mutilated, truncated
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-olo-s, from *ḱem- (‘hornless’). Cognate with Sanskrit शम (śáma, ‘hornless’), Proto-Slavic *komolъ (‘hornless’) (> Russian комо́лый (komólyj)).…”
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*kradô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈkrɑ.ðɔːː/
basket
“…From Pre-Germanic *grotHón-, from Proto-Indo-European *gretH- (‘to tie’). Cognate with Sanskrit ग्रथ्नाति (grathnāti, ‘to tie, string together’).…”
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*wanhaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈwɑ̃ː.xɑz/
bent, crooked, twisted
“…From Proto-Indo-European *wónkos (‘crooked, bent’), from *wenk- (‘to bend, slant, incline, twist, turn’). Cognate with Sanskrit वङ्क (vaṅka, ‘curve, bend’).…”
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*þinhtaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈθĩːx.tɑz/
tight
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ténktos, from *tenk- (‘to contract’). Cognate with Sanskrit तञ्च् (tañc, ‘to contract, coagulate’); see there for more cognates.…”
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*aikijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈɑi̯.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to irritate, annoy, to pester
“……et in motion’), a causative from Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eyg-, continued as weak class 1 verb Kroonen 2013. Cognate with Sanskrit एजयति, which preserves the same causative formation, and also with Sanskrit एजति Rix et al. 2001, as well as Ancient……”
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*jehaną
verb · Strong class 5 · /ˈje.xɑ.nɑ̃/
to speak, say, express
“…From Proto-Indo-European *yék-e-ti, from *yek- (‘to speak’). Cognate with Sanskrit याचति (yā́cati, ‘to ask, entreat’), Proto-Celtic *yextis (‘language’).…”
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*laihną
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈlɑi̯x.nɑ̃/
that which is lent, loan
“…From earlier *laihwnam, from Proto-Indo-European *leykʷ- (‘to leave, leave over’). Cognate with Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬉𐬑𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬵 (raēxənah), Sanskrit रेक्णस् (rékṇas, ‘property, inheritance’).…”
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*-aną
suffix · forms verbs · /ɑ.nɑ̃/
forms infinitive of strong verbs
“……noun formation, from Proto-Indo-European *-o-no-m, from *-o- (thematic vowel) + *‑no‑m (neuter verbal noun suffix). Compare Sanskrit दान॑म् and Latin donum from PIE *déh₃-no-m Ringe 2017. The few athematic verbs in Proto-Germanic used the suffix wit……”
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*-aną
suffix · forms verbs · /ɑ.nɑ̃/
forms infinitive of preterite-present verbs
“……noun formation, from Proto-Indo-European *-o-no-m, from *-o- (thematic vowel) + *‑no‑m (neuter verbal noun suffix). Compare Sanskrit दान॑म् and Latin donum from PIE *déh₃-no-m Ringe 2017. The few athematic verbs in Proto-Germanic used the suffix wit……”
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*frīdaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɸriː.ðɑz/
beautiful, lovely
“…From Pre-Germanic *priHtós, a to-stem adjective to Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (‘to love’). Cognate with Sanskrit प्रीत (prīta, ‘pleased, delighted; beloved’).…”
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*furhs
noun · feminine · consonant stem · /ˈɸurxs/
furrow
“……ean *perḱ- (‘to dig’). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *ɸrikā (‘furrow’), Latin porca (‘lynchet’), Lithuanian praparšas (‘ditch’), Sanskrit पर्शान (párśāna, ‘chasm’).…”
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*hleumundaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈxleu̯.mun.dɑz/
reputation, fame
“……neuter, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱléwmn̥tom, extension and thematicization of *ḱléwmn̥, from *ḱlew- (‘to hear’). Cognate to Sanskrit श्रोमत (śromata, ‘fame’).…”
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*hweraz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈxwe.rɑz/
kettle
“……-, *kʷern- (‘bowl, vessel’). Cognate with Welsh pair (‘cauldron’), Old Irish coire (‘kettle’), Russian ча́ра (čára, ‘bowl’), Sanskrit चरु (carú, ‘bowl’).…”
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*jainaz
determiner · /ˈjɑi̯.nɑz/
that over there, yon
“…From the pronominal Proto-Indo-European *ís; related to Old Church Slavonic онъ (onŭ, ‘he’), Latin idem (‘the same’), and Sanskrit एन (ena, ‘that; he’).…”
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*jugunþiz
noun · feminine · i-stem · /ˈju.ɣun.θiz/
the state of being young; youth
“……uwundiz (possibly influenced in form by *dugunþō), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yu-Hn̥-tí-s, from *h₂yéwHō (‘young’). Compare Sanskrit युवति (yuvatí).…”
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*razdō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈrɑz.dɔː/
voice
“…From Proto-Indo-European *Hres- (‘to shout, speak’), extended as *Hros-dʰh₁-eh₂-. Compare Sanskrit रसना (rasanā, ‘tongue’), रसति (rásati, ‘to call out, scream, roar’).…”
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*þinsaną
verb · Strong class 3 · /ˈθin.sɑ.nɑ̃/
to stretch
“…From Proto-Indo-European *tens- (‘to stretch’). Related to Sanskrit तंस् (taṃs, ‘to shake about, move’), Lithuanian tęsti (‘to stretch (out); to continue, extend’).…”
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*afteraz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɑɸ.te.rɑz/
back, posterior; situated behind or in the rear
“……do-European *apó with the contrastive suffix *-tero- Dunkel 2014:79 Kroonen 2013:3. For the base, compare Ancient Greek ἀπό, Sanskrit अप, Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬀, Latin ab, and Hittite 𒀀𒀊𒉺, while the *-tero-derivative is paralleled by Sanskrit अपतरम् and Ancient……”
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*bindaną
verb · Strong class 3 · /ˈbin.dɑ.nɑ̃/
to bind, to tie
“…From Proto-Indo-European *bʰéndʰ-e/o-, from *bʰendʰ- (‘to tie, bind’). Cognate with Sanskrit बन्धति (bándhati, ‘to bind, tether; to hold captive; to cherish’).…”
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*gardaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɣɑr.ðɑz/
enclosure
“……m *gʰerdʰ- (‘to enclose, encircle’). Cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *gardas (‘enclosure’), Albanian gardh (‘hedge, fence’), Sanskrit गृह (gṛhá, ‘house’).…”
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*hrōþiz
noun · masculine · i-stem · /ˈxrɔː.θiz/
praise, fame, glory, renown
“…From Pre-Germanic *kréh₂tis or *kréh₃tis, from Proto-Indo-European *kreH- (‘to shout, to cry’). Cognate with Sanskrit कीर्ति (kīrti, ‘speech, report; fame, renown’).…”
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*hwaþeraz
determiner · /ˈxʷɑ.θe.rɑz/
which, what (of two, interrogative)
“…From Proto-Indo-European *kʷóteros (‘which of two’), from *kʷos (‘which’). Cognate with Sanskrit कतर (katará), Ancient Greek πότερος (póteros), Proto-Slavic *koterъjь / *kotorъjь, Latin uter.…”