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*waluz
noun · masculine · u-stem · /ˈwɑ.luz/
staff, stick
“…From Proto-Indo-European *wolH-u-s (‘stick, stake’), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (‘to turn, wind, roll’). Cognate with Lithuanian apvalùs (‘round’), Latin vallus (‘stake, pale’).…”
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*weraz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈwe.rɑz/
man
“……(‘man, hero’), with pretonic shortening before a resonant. Compare Latin vir, Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Irish fear, Welsh gŵr and Lithuanian vyras.…”
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*hrapōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈxrɑ.pɔː.nɑ̃/
to scratch, scrape
“……roto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (‘to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack’), from *(s)ker- (‘to turn; bend’). Cognate with Lithuanian krapštyti (‘to pick, peck, scratch, claw’).…”
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*irzijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈir.zi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to delude, mislead
“……(‘bewildered; erring’) + *-janą (‘factitive suffix’). Cognate with Latin errō (‘to wander, roam, stray, lose one's way’) and Lithuanian įširsti (‘to become angry, fly into passion’).…”
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*līką
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈliː.kɑ̃/
body
“……age, likeness; similar, like’), with semantic shift "similar" > "having a similar shape" > "likeness" > "body". Cognate with Lithuanian lýgus (‘equal, level, flat, even, like’).…”
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*skaibaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈskɑi̯.βɑz/
slanted, oblique, inclined, sloping
“…From Proto-Indo-European *skoy-pó-s, which may be a derivative of *skey- (‘to split’). Orel compares Lithuanian skybas (‘wedge-like piece of land’), Latvian šķìbs (‘crooked’).…”
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*wīraz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈwiː.rɑz/
wire
“……read, cord, wire’), from *weh₁y- (‘to turn, twist, weave, plait’). Compare, in particular, Proto-Celtic *weiros (‘crooked’), Lithuanian vairùs (‘diverse, various’).…”
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*bebruz
noun · masculine · u-stem · /ˈbe.βruz/
beaver
“…From Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰr-u-s ~ *bʰebʰréws (‘beaver’). Cognates include Lithuanian bẽbras, Proto-Celtic *bebrus, Younger Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬡𐬭𐬀 (baβra), and Latin fiber, all with a sense of ‘beaver’.…”
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*fatą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈɸɑ.tɑ̃/
vessel, container
“…From Proto-Indo-European *pod-óm (‘vessel, container’). A direct cognate with Lithuanian púodas, Latvian puôds, and Old Prussian podalis, from Proto-Baltic *puodas, all meaning ‘pot’ (Derkson 2015).…”
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*garnō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɣɑr.nɔː/
intestines, gut
“…From pre-Germanic *ǵʰorneh₂, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerH- (‘intestines’) or *ǵʰern-. Probably cognate with Latin hernia, Lithuanian žarna and Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, ‘guts, string made of gut’).…”
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*maskwǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈmɑs.kwɔ̃ː/
loop, knot
“……European *mosgo- (‘netting, mesh, knot, loop’), from Proto-Indo-European *mesgʷ- (‘to knit, tie, make a loop’). Cognate with Lithuanian mègzti (‘to make a knot, knit’).…”
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*strandō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈstrɑn.dɔː/
edge; rim
“…Possibly a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃- (‘to broaden, spread out’), and cognate with Old Irish trét (‘herd’), Lithuanian trénta (‘place, region, direction’). Kroonen however assigns no etymology.…”
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*þurpą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈθur.pɑ̃/
village, rural settlement
“……Proto-Indo-European *trab-, *treb- (‘room, dwelling, settlement’). Cognate with Latin trabs (‘beam, rafter, roof, vessel’), Lithuanian trobà (‘farmhouse’), Welsh tref (‘town, home’), Albanian trevë (‘country, region, village’).…”
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*dalkaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈdɑl.kɑz/
pin, needle
“……olg-o-s, possibly from an o-grade form of Proto-Indo-European root *dʰelg- / *dʰelk- (‘to stick, prick, stab’). Cognate with Lithuanian dilgėlė (‘nettle), Latin falx (‘sickle, scythe’), Old Irish delg (‘spine, needle’). Possibly also related to Lithu……”
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*barkuz
noun · masculine · u-stem · /ˈbɑr.kuz/
bark of a tree
“…Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ-ó-s (‘birch’, source of Lithuanian béržas, Sanskrit भूर्ज (bhūrjá) all meaning ‘birch’), reformulated as a u-stem. Related to *berkō (‘birch’).…”
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*dawwō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈdɑw.wɔː/
alternative form of *dawwą (“moisture, dew”)
“……wh₂-eh₂, from an o-grade form of root *dʰewh₂- (‘smoke, haze’). Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰuHmás (‘mist; smoke’) and Lithuanian dúlis (‘mist’).…”
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*faihaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɸɑi̯.xɑz/
hostile, criminal
“…From Proto-Indo-European *póyḱ-o-s an o-grade form of root *peyḱ- (‘hostile, angry; enemy, evil’). Cognate with Lithuanian pi̇̀ktas (‘angry’). Related to *faigijaz (‘fey, doomed to die’).…”
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*galgô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈɣɑl.ɣɔːː/
a gallows, gibbet
“……oto-Indo-European *ǵʰolgʰ- ~ *ǵʰolg- (‘long switch, rod, shaft, pole, perch’), a root with irregular variation. Cognate with Lithuanian žalgà (‘long, thin stake’), Old Armenian ձաղկ (jałk, ‘rod, stick’).…”
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*gridiz
noun · feminine · i-stem · /ˈɣri.ðiz/
step
“…Derived from *grīdaną (‘to step, spread the legs wide’), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreydʰ-, see also Lithuanian gri̇̀dyti (‘to go, to wander’), Old Irish in·greinn, do·greinn (‘to persecute’).…”
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*hōfą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈxɔː.ɸɑ̃/
necessity
“……om Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (‘to seize’). Compare, in particular, Ancient Greek κώπη (kṓpē, ‘handle’), as well as perhaps Lithuanian kúopa (‘crowd, flock, band, penalty for damage caused by cattle’).…”
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*justaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈjus.tɑz/
cheese
“……from *yewH- (‘to blend, mix (food), knead’). Cognate with Latin iūs (‘juice, broth’), Welsh uwd (‘porridge’), and dialectal Lithuanian jū́šė (‘fish soup’).…”
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*nutō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈnu.tɔː/
use, profit, yield
“……‘useful’), from *neutaną (‘to enjoy, use, catch’), from Proto-Indo-European *newd- (‘to acquire, make use of’). Cognate with Lithuanian nauda (‘benefit, foredeal’), Russian нужда́ (nuždá, ‘need, request’).…”
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*straumaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈstrɑu̯.mɑz/
stream, current, river
“……s, which is derived from Proto-Indo-European *srew- (‘to flow’). Cognate with Ancient Greek ῥεῦμα (rheûma, ‘stream, flow’), Lithuanian srovė (‘current, stream, flow’).…”
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*strīdaną
verb · Strong class 1 · /ˈstriː.ðɑ.nɑ̃/
to stand upright
“……ropean *strey- (‘to resist’) + *dʰeh₁- (‘to put’). Probably related to Latvian strīdēties, striêtiês (‘to resist, quarrel’), Lithuanian strainùs (‘unruly’).…”
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*hradaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈxrɑ.ðɑz/
quick, hasty
“……bs *hurtoną and *hrattōną (‘to rush, tumble’); cognate with Old Irish crothaim (‘I shake’), Latvian kratît (‘to shake out’), Lithuanian kratýti (‘id.’), Latvian krist (‘to fall, drop, die’), Lithuanian kri̇̀sti (‘id.’), and Lithuanian kretė́ti (‘to t……”