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*krammaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈkrɑm.mɑz/
moist
“…From Pre-Germanic *gʷromsós or, more likely, *gʷromsmós. Related to Lithuanian grimzti (‘to drown, sink’), Serbo-Croatian greznuti (‘to drown, sink’).…”
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*salą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈsɑ.lɑ̃/
house; dwelling
“……-European *sel- (‘human settlement, village, dwelling’). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic село (selo, ‘courtyard, village’), Lithuanian sala (‘village’).…”
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*skuppōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈskup.pɔː.nɑ̃/
to shove, push, swing
“…From Pre-Germanic *skubʰnéh₂-, an iterative formation to *skeubaną (‘to shove’). Particularly close in formation to Lithuanian skùbinti (‘to rush, hurry’).…”
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*walaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈwɑ.lɑz/
corpse, dead body
“…From Proto-Indo-European *welh₃- (‘to wound; death (in battle); slain (in battle)’). Cognate with Lithuanian vėlė (‘ghost’), Czech válka (‘war’).…”
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*delbaną
verb · Strong class 3 · /ˈdel.βɑ.nɑ̃/
to dig, hollow out
“…From Proto-Indo-European *dʰelbʰ-e/o- from root *dʰelbʰ- (‘to dig’). Cognate with Lithuanian delbti (‘to cast down; drop; beat, strike’).…”
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*fraþjaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈɸrɑθ.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to understand
“…From Pre-Germanic *prot-, o-grade of Proto-Indo-European *pret- (‘to understand’). Compare, in particular, Lithuanian pràsti (‘to become accustomed to’).…”
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*ganganą
verb · Strong class 7c · /ˈɣɑŋ.ɡɑ.nɑ̃/
to go, walk, step
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (‘to walk, step’). Cognate with Lithuanian žeñgti (‘to step’), as well as perhaps Sanskrit जंगहे (jaṃgahe).…”
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*greutaną
verb · Strong class 2 · /ˈɣreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
to grind, crush
“…From Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewd-, *gʰer- (‘to rub, grind, remove’). Cognate with Lithuanian grūsti (‘to crush, tamp’), Russian гру́да (grúda, ‘pile, heap’).…”
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*hrappijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈxrɑp.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to rush
“…From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kreb- (‘to turn, bend, shrink, rotate, touch, attack’). Cognate with Lithuanian krapštyti (‘to pick, peck, scratch, claw’).…”
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*hreusaną
verb · Strong class 2 · /ˈxreu̯.sɑ.nɑ̃/
to fall
“…Probably from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (‘to bump, strike, push’); related to Ancient Greek κρούω (kroúō, ‘to strike’), Lithuanian krùšti (‘to trample’).…”
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*leutaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈleu̯.tɑz/
deceitful, deceptive
“…From Proto-Indo-European *lewd- (‘to duck, crouch, feign, cringe, become small’). Cognate with Lithuanian liū̃dnas (‘sad’), Proto-Slavic *lȗdъ (‘crazy, foolish’).…”
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*saliz
noun · masculine · i-stem · /ˈsɑ.liz/
house; dwelling
“……an *sol-, *sel- (‘human settlement, village, dwelling’). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic село (selo, ‘courtyard, village’), Lithuanian sala (‘village’).…”
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*skinþą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈskin.θɑ̃/
animal hide
“…From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kenH- (‘skin, rind; to peel’). Cognate with Lithuanian ski̇̀nti (‘to pluck, pick’), Latvian šķĩt (‘to pluck leaves’).…”
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*þwinhaną
verb · Strong class 3 · /ˈθwĩː.xɑ.nɑ̃/
to constrain
“…From Proto-Indo-European *twenk- (‘to squeeze, press, pack; pressure’). Cognate with Tocharian A twāṅkā- (‘to wear’), Lithuanian tveñkti (‘to dam up’).…”
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*gaistaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɣɑi̯s.tɑz/
terror, fear
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰéysd-os, from *ǵʰeys- (‘to be angry, agitated’). Cognate with Sanskrit हेड (héḍa, ‘anger’), Lithuanian žei̇̃sti (‘to wound’).…”
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*hlaþaną
verb · Strong class 6 · /ˈxlɑ.θɑ.nɑ̃/
to load
“…From Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂- (‘to put, lay out’). Cognate with Lithuanian klṓti (‘to lay, lay out, spread, pave’), Russian клад (klad, ‘treasure’).…”
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*hliwjaz
adjective · ja-stem · /ˈxliw.jɑz/
lukewarm
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ḱal (w)e-, *ḱlēw- (‘warm, hot’). Cognate with Lithuanian šiltas (‘warm’), Latin calor (‘warmth, heat’), Welsh clyd (‘warm, cozy’).…”
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*smukkōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈsmuk.kɔː.nɑ̃/
to slide into, slip through
“…From Pre-Germanic *smuknéh₂-, iterative formation to *smeuganą (‘to creep, slip into’). Cognate with Lithuanian smùkti (‘to slide, slip’), Czech smeknouti (‘to strip’).…”
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*stīfaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈstiː.ɸɑz/
stiff, rigid
“…From Pre-Germanic *stéypos, from Proto-Indo-European *steyp- (‘to be stiff, erect’). Related to Latin stīpō (‘to compress’), Lithuanian sti̇̀pti (‘to stiffen’).…”
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*wet
pronoun · /ˈwet/
we two
“…According to Ringe 2017, from Proto-Indo-European *wé-dwo. Ringe, in turn, cites (Cowgill 1985b: 15-16 with references). Cf. Lithuanian vèdu.…”
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*kakǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈkɑ.kɔ̃ː/
cake
“…Unknown. The relationship with Lithuanian gúogas (‘skull’) by supposed Proto-Indo-European *gag-, *gōg- (‘something round, something lumpy’) is highly doubt……”
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*kōpijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈkɔː.pi.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to look after, observe
“…From Proto-Indo-European *ǵab-, *ǵeb- (‘to look after’). Cognate with Lithuanian gebėti (‘to cultivate, maintain, be able’), Russian забо́та (zabóta, ‘care, concern, attention’).…”
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*kwelaną
verb · Strong class 4 · /ˈkʷe.lɑ.nɑ̃/
to suffer, hurt
“…From Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (‘to hurt’). Related to Lithuanian gélti (‘to hurt’), Old Irish atbaill (‘to die’). Old Armenian կեղ (keł, ‘ulcer, sore’).…”
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*lukkōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈluk.kɔː.nɑ̃/
to caress
“……ar, possibly related to *leuganą (‘to lie’), from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ-. Or possibly a zero-grade iterative related to Lithuanian lùnginti (‘to allure’).…”
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*mailą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈmɑi̯.lɑ̃/
spot, mark, blemish
“…From Proto-Indo-European *mel-, *melw- (‘dark, dirty; to soil’), from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (‘to soil’). Cognate with Lithuanian miẽles (‘yeast, barm, leaven’).…”