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*agalaitiją
noun · neuter · ja-stem · /ˈɑ.ɣɑ.ˌlɑi̯.ti.jɑ̃/
licentiousness, lewdness; wanton or shamelessly unrestrained behavior
“…A neuter substantivization of *agalaitijaz Kroonen 2013.…”
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*aitilaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɑi̯.ti.lɑz/
small ulcer
“…From *aitaz + *-ilaz Kroonen 2013 Orel 2003.…”
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*arbijô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈɑr.βi.jɔːː/
heir; inheritor
“…A personifying weak n-stem derivative of *arbiją, with the sense ‘one associated with the inheritance’ > ‘heir’ Kroonen 2011a Kroonen 2013.…”
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*dumbǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈdum.bɔ̃ː/
fog, haze
“…A nominal derived from a zero-grade form of *dimbaną (‘to fog, smoke’) Kroonen 2013.…”
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*faganaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɸɑ.ɣɑ.nɑz/
glad
“…The past participle of *fehaną (‘to rejoice, be glad’), lexicalized as a distinct adjective Kroonen 2013.…”
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*aigǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈɑi̯.ɣɔ̃ː/
property, possessions; what one owns, especially one’s goods or estate
“…From Proto-Germanic *aiganą + *-ǭ, forming an abstract/collective noun ‘ownership; owned things’ Kroonen 2013. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ-. Compare the root to Sanskrit ईष्टे, and Tocharian B aik- Kroonen 2……”
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*tawwą
noun · neuter · a-stem · /ˈtɑw.wɑ̃/
tool; apparatus; gadget
“…Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- (‘to tie to; secure’). Kroonen 2013 prefers to derive it from *deh₁-.…”
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*felgō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɸel.ɣɔː/
felly, outer rim of a wheel
“……ssibly from Proto-Indo-European *pelǵh-eh2 from root *pelǵh- (‘wheel rim, sled’), cognate with Proto-Slavic pȏlzъ (‘sledge’) Kroonen 2013.…”
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*arfô
noun · masculine · an-stem · /ˈɑr.ɸɔːː/
chickweed
“……Wanderwort from an unidentified Mediterranean, perhaps eastern Mediterranean, source de Vaan 2008 de Vries 1977 Edlund 2013 Kroonen 2013 Orel 2003. Related forms include Latin ervum and Ancient Greek ὄροβος, but the forms cannot plausibly be derived……”
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*dungijǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈduŋ.ɡi.jɔ̃ː/
earthen mound
“…Uncertain. Perhaps from *dungō (‘earth, dung’) + *-(i)jǭ(forms feminine agent nouns). Kroonen 2013 derives this via an intermediary verb **dungijaną (‘to fertilize’).…”
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*awjō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɑu̯.jɔː/
wetland; floodplain, meadow
“……ivative of *ahwō; Ringe Ringe 2017 reconstructs the development *ahʷjā́ > *agʷjā́ > Proto-Germanic *aujō (here *awjō), while Kroonen Kroonen 2013 projects the formation as *h₂ekʷ-iéh₂. Ultimately associated with *h₂ékʷeh₂, also underlying Latin aqua……”
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*abuhaz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɑ.βu.xɑz/
turned the wrong way; reversed, inverted
“…From Proto-Indo-European *apo-h₃kʷ-o-, a compound of *apó + the compound form *h₃kʷ- from *h₃ekʷ- ~ *h₃okʷ- Kroonen 2013 Derksen 2008 Palmér 2025. The Germanic form was remodeled internally after adjectives in *-ugaz, giving *abuhaz……”
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*aikijaną
verb · Weak class 1 · /ˈɑi̯.ki.jɑ.nɑ̃/
to irritate, annoy, to pester
“……₂oyg-éye/o- (‘to agitate, set in motion’), a causative from Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eyg-, continued as weak class 1 verb Kroonen 2013. Cognate with Sanskrit एजयति, which preserves the same causative formation, and also with Sanskrit एजति Rix et a……”
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*dūbaną
verb · Strong class 2 · /ˈduː.βɑ.nɑ̃/
to dive, sink
“……bʰ- (‘hazy, unclear, dark; deep’); by synchronic analysis, an apparent back-formation from the iterative *duppōną (‘to dip’) Kroonen 2013.…”
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*afteraz
adjective · a-stem · /ˈɑɸ.te.rɑz/
back, posterior; situated behind or in the rear
“……-s, an adjectival/comparative formation built to Proto-Indo-European *apó with the contrastive suffix *-tero- Dunkel 2014:79 Kroonen 2013:3. For the base, compare Ancient Greek ἀπό, Sanskrit अप, Avestan 𐬀𐬞𐬀, Latin ab, and Hittite 𒀀𒀊𒉺, while the *-ter……”
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*bagmaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈbɑɣ.mɑz/
tree
“…Kroonen 2013 derives this from Proto-Indo-European *bʰh₂ǵʰ-mó-s (‘branch’), related to Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂ǵʰús (‘arm’)……”
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*fandōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈɸɑn.dɔː.nɑ̃/
to seek, search for, examine
“……o-European *pont-néh₂-ti ~ *pont-n̥h2-énti, from root *pent- (‘to pass, path’), an o-grade iterative of *finþaną (‘to find’) Kroonen 2013.…”
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*ailidaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɑi̯.li.ðɑz/
fire, pyre
“……participle of *ailijaną (with the weak participial formation *-idaz); thus originally ‘kindled, set alight’ > ‘a fire, pyre’ Kroonen 2013. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eydh-. Cognates are Vedic Sanskrit इन्धे and एध, Ancient Greek αἴθω and……”
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*barwaz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈbɑr.wɑz/
coniferous forest; pinewood
“…Kroonen 2013 posits a derivation in Proto-Indo-European *bʰor-wo-s, comparing Proto-Slavic *borъ (‘pine tree’). The term itse……”
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*aisōną
verb · Weak class 2 · /ˈɑi̯.sɔː.nɑ̃/
to rush, dash forward; move or drive violently
“……to-Indo-European *h₁oysh₂-eh₂-yé/ó-, a denominative or factitive formation ultimately based on the o-grade of root *h₁eysh₂- Kroonen 2013. The same root is reflected in Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬨𐬀, probably from *h₁oys-mo-, and Latin īra, from *h₁éysh₂-eh₂, whose……”
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*ahtō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɑx.tɔː/
consideration, deliberation; attention, regard
“……m pre-Germanic *h₃okʷ-t-eh₂, a nominal t-extension to Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ- ~ *h₃okʷ-. Closely related to *ahjaną Kroonen 2011a Kroonen 2013 Lloyd & Springer 1988. The velar delabialization before *-t- is regular Ringe 2017. There are no s……”
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*dūbǭ
noun · feminine · ōn-stem · /ˈduː.βɔ̃ː/
dove, pigeon
“…Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (‘hazy, unclear, dark; deep’). According to Kroonen 2013, derived from Proto-Germanic *dūbaną (‘to dive; to sink’), likely referring to the dove's characteristic divebom……”
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*auraz
noun · masculine · a-stem · /ˈɑu̯.rɑz/
wet earth or clay, mud; sand, sediment
“……tion related to the Proto-Indo-European nominal r-stem *weh₁-r- ~ *uh₁-r-; compare Vedic Sanskrit वार् and Old Prussian wurs Kroonen 2013 Wodtko et al. 2008. The o-grade required for *ouh₁-ro- is morphologically unexpected Kroonen 2013. The Vedic com……”
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*aistô
noun · neuter · an-stem · /ˈɑi̯s.tɔːː/
testicle
“……from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyd- (also reflected in *aitaz and *aitrą), with o-grade of the root and an -sth₂-o- enlargement Kroonen 2013. The word was probably secondary in Proto-Germanic: neuter n-stems denoting body parts remained productive in Ol……”
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*agjō
noun · feminine · ō-stem · /ˈɑɣ.jɔː/
edge, sharp edge, blade; corner, angle
“…From the oblique stem of Proto-Indo-European *h₂éḱ-ih₂ ~ *h₂ḱ-yéh₂-s, a derivative of *h₂eḱ- Kroonen 2013. Cognate with Latin aciēs, Sanskrit अश्रि, Ancient Greek ἄκρος Piwowarczyk 2022 Ringe 2017.…”